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SOCIAL STUDIES SCOPE AND
SEQUENCE
Geography Grades 8, 11, 12
Pennsylvania Content
Standards - Mifflin County Benchmarks
Civics and Government
| 5.1.9 Principles and
Documents of Government |
5.1.12 Principles and
Documents of Government |
| 8th Grade
Geography |
Geography
Elective (Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
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| B. |
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| C. |
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Evaluate the importance
of the principles and ideals of civic life. |
| D. |
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| E. |
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| F. |
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Analyze and assess the
rights of people as listed in the Pennsylvania Constitution and the
Constitution of the United States. |
| G. |
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| H. |
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| I. |
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|
| J. |
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Analyze how the law
promoted the common good and protects individual rights. |
| K. |
|
Analyze the roles of
symbols and holidays in society. |
| L. |
|
Analyze Pennsylvania and
United States court decisions that have affected principles and ideals of
government in civic life. |
| M. |
|
|
| 5.2.9 Rights and
Responsibilities of Citizenship |
5.2.12 Rights and
Responsibilities of Citizenship |
| 8th Grade
Geography |
Geography
Elective (Grades 11-12) |
|
A. |
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B. |
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Evaluate citizens'
participation in government and civic life. |
|
C. |
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Interpret the causes of
conflict in society and analyze techniques to resolve those conflicts. |
|
D. |
|
Evaluate political
leadership and public service in a republican form of government. |
|
E. |
|
Analyze how participation
in civic and political life leads to the attainment of individual and
public goals. |
|
F. |
|
Evaluate how individual
rights may conflict with or support the common good. |
|
G. |
|
Evaluate what makes a
competent and responsible citizen. |
|
5.3.9 How Government Works |
5.3.12 How Government Works |
| 8th Grade
Geography |
Geography
Elective (Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
|
Analyze and evaluate the
structure, organization and operation of the local, state and national
governments including domestic and national policy-making. |
| B. |
|
Analyze the
responsibilities and powers of the national government. |
| C. |
|
|
| D. |
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Evaluate how independent
government agencies create, amend and enforce regulations. |
| E. |
|
|
| F. |
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| G. |
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Evaluate how the
government protects or curtails individual rights and analyze the impact
of supporting or opposing those rights. |
| H. |
|
Evaluate the impact of
interest groups on the political process. |
| I. |
|
|
| J. |
|
Evaluate the role of the
media in political life in the United States and explain the role of the
media in setting the public agenda. |
| K. |
|
Evaluate the strengths
and weaknesses of various systems of government. |
| 5.4.9 How International
Relationships Function |
5.4.12 How International
Relationships Function |
| 8th Grade
Geography |
Geography
Elective (Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
|
Analyze the impact of
international economic, technological and cultural developments on the
government of the United States. |
| B. |
|
Analyze the United
States' interaction with other nations and governmental groups in world
events. |
| C. |
|
Compare how past and
present United States' policy interests have changed over time and analyze
the impact on future international relationships. |
| D. |
|
Explain how foreign
policy is made. |
| E. |
|
Compare the purposes and
functions of international organizations. |
Economics
| 6.1.9 Economic Systems |
6.1.12 Economic Systems |
| 8th Grade
Geography |
Geography
Elective (Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
|
Evaluate the strengths
and weaknesses of traditional, command and market economies. |
| B. |
|
Analyze the impact of
traditional, command and market economies on the United States economy. |
| C. |
|
Assess the strength of
the regional, national and/or international economy and compare it to
another time period based upon economic indicators. |
| D. |
|
Describe historical
examples of expansion, recession and depression internationally. |
| 6.2.9 Markets and the
Functions of Government |
6.2.12 Markets and the
Functions of Government |
| 8th Grade
Geography |
Geography
Elective (Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
|
Analyze the flow of
products, resources and money in a mixed economy. |
| B. |
|
|
| C. |
|
|
| D. |
|
|
| E. |
|
|
| F. |
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Identify and analyze
forces that can change price. |
| G. |
|
|
| H. |
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| I. |
|
|
| J. |
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|
| K. |
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Analyze the impact of
media on decision-making of consumers, producers and policymakers. |
| L. |
|
Analyze how policies and
international events may change exchange rates. |
|
6.3.9 Scarcity and Choice |
6.3.12 Scarcity and Choice |
| 8th Grade
Geography |
Geography Elective
(Grades 11-12) |
|
A. |
|
Analyze
actions taken as a result of scarcity issues in the regional, national and
international economies. |
| B. |
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Evaluate the
economic reasoning behind a choice. |
| C. |
|
Evaluate the
allocation of resources used to produce goods and services. |
| D. |
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| E. |
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| F. |
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| 6.4.9 Economic
Interdependence |
6.4.12 Economic Interdependence |
| 8th Grade
Geography |
Geography Elective
(Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
|
Analyze how
specialization may increase the standard of living. |
| B. |
|
Analyze the
relationships between trade, competition and productivity. |
| C. |
|
Evaluate how
a nation might benefit by lowering or removing trade barriers. |
| D. |
|
Explain how
the location of resources, transportation and communication networks and
technology has affected international economic patterns. |
| E. |
|
Analyze how
United States consumers and producers participate in the global production
and consumption of goods or services. |
| F. |
|
|
| G. |
|
Evaluate
characteristics and distribution of international economic activities. |
| 6.5.9 Work and Earnings |
6.5.12 Work and Earnings |
| 8th Grade
Geography |
Geography Elective
(Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
|
Analyze the
factors influencing wages. |
| B. |
|
|
| C. |
|
|
| D. |
|
|
| E. |
|
Compare
distribution of wealth across nations. |
| F. |
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| G. |
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| H. |
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Geography
| 7.1.9 Basic Geographic
Literacy |
7.1.12 Basic Geographic Literacy |
| 8th Grade
Geography |
Geography Elective
(Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
Explain geographic tools
and their uses. |
Analyze data and issues
from a spatial perspective using the appropriate geographic tools. |
| B. |
Explain and locate places
and regions. |
Analyze the location of
places and regions. |
| 7.2.9 Physical
Characteristics of Places and Regions |
7.2.12 Physical
Characteristics of Places and Regions |
|
8th Grade Geography |
Geography
Elective (Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
Explain the
physical characteristics of places and regions including spatial patterns
of Earth's physical systems. |
Analyze the
physical characteristics of places and regions including the
interrelationships among the components of Earth's physical systems. |
| B. |
Explain the
dynamics of the fundamental processes that underlie the operation of
Earth's physical systems. |
Analyze the
significance of physical processes in shaping the character of places and
regions. |
| 7.3.9
Human Characteristics of Places and Regions |
7.3.12 Human
Characteristics of Places and Regions |
|
8th Grade Geography |
Geography
Elective (Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
Explain the
human characteristics of places and regions by their population
characteristics. |
Analyze the
significance of human activity in shaping places and regions by their
population characteristics. |
| B. |
Explain the
human characteristics of places and regions by their cultural
characteristics. |
Analyze the
significance of human activity in shaping places and regions by their
cultural characteristics. |
| C. |
Explain the
human characteristics of places and regions by their settlement
characteristics. |
Analyze the
significance of human activity in shaping places and regions by their
settlement characteristics. |
| D. |
Explain the
human characteristics of places and regions by their economic activities. |
Analyze the
significance of human activity in shaping places and regions by their
economic characteristics. |
| E. |
Explain the
human characteristics of places and regions by their political activities. |
Analyze the
significance of human activity in shaping places and regions by their
political characteristics. |
| 7.4.9
Interactions Between People and Places |
7.4.12 Interactions Between
People and Places |
|
8th Grade Geography |
Geography
Elective (Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
Explain the
impacts of physical systems on people. |
Analyze the
impacts of physical systems on people. |
| B. |
Explain the
impacts of people on physical systems. |
Analyze the
impacts of people on physical systems. |
History
| 8.1.9 Historical
Analysis and Skills Development |
8.1.12 Historical Analysis
and Skills Development |
|
8th Grade Geography |
Geography
Elective (Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
|
Evaluate
chronological thinking. |
| B. |
|
Synthesize
and evaluate historical sources. |
| C. |
|
Evaluate
historical interpretation of events. |
| D. |
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Synthesize
historical research. |
|
8.2.9 Pennsylvania History |
8.2.12 Pennsylvania History |
|
8th Grade Geography |
Geography
Elective (Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
|
|
| B. |
|
|
| C. |
|
Identify and
evaluate how continuity and change have influenced Pennsylvania history
from the 1890s to Present. |
| D. |
|
Identify and
evaluate conflict and cooperation among social groups and organizations in
Pennsylvania history from 1890 to Present. |
| 8.3.9 United
States History |
8.3.12 United States History |
|
8th Grade Geography |
Geography
Elective (Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
|
|
| B. |
|
Identify and
evaluate primary documents, material artifacts and historic sites
important in United States history from 1890 to Present. |
| C. |
|
Evaluate how
continuity and change have influenced United States history from 1890 to
Present. |
| D. |
|
Identify and
evaluate conflict and cooperation among social groups and organizations in
United States history from 1890 to Present. |
| 8.4.9 World
History |
8.4.12 World History |
|
8th Grade Geography |
Geography
Elective (Grades 11-12) |
| A. |
|
Evaluate the
significance of individuals and groups who made major political and
cultural contributions to world history since 1450. |
| B. |
|
Evaluate
historical documents, material artifacts and historic sites important to
world history since 1450. |
| C. |
|
Evaluate how
continuity and change throughout history has impacted belief systems and
religions, commerce and industry, innovations, settlement patterns, social
organization, transportation and roles of women since 1450. |
| D. |
|
Evaluate how
conflict and cooperation among social groups and organizations impacted
world history from 1450 to Present in Africa, Americas, Asia and Europe. |
Approved by Mifflin
County School Board: April 24, 2003
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